Free Radicals

Babu RJ, Chatterjee A, Singh M. Assessment of skin irritation and molecular responses in rat skin exposed to nonane, dodecane and tetradecane. Toxicol Lett. 2004 Nov 2; 153(2):255-66. College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA.

Grimes PE, Morris R, Avaniss-Aghajani E, Soriano T, Meraz M, Metzger A. Topical tacrolimus therapy for vitiligo: therapeutic responses and skin messenger RNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004 Jul; 51(1):52-61. Vitiligo and Pigmentation Institute of Southern California, and the Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.

La E, Rundhaug JE, Pavone A, Fischer SM. Regulation of transcription of the intracellular interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene by AP-1 in mouse carcinoma cells. Mol Carcinog. 2002 Apr;33(4):237-43. The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park-Research Division, Smithville, Texas 78957, USA.

Corsini E, Viviani B, Marinovich M, Galli CL. Cyclosporin A exacerbates skin irritation induced by tributyltin by increasing nuclear factor kappa B activation. J Invest Dermatol. 2001 Dec; 117(6):1627-34. Center for Cosmetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Milan, Italy.

Blumel J, Schimpl A, Ulrich P, Ahr HJ, Vohr H. Primary immune response in skin and skin-associated lymphoid tissue of interleukin-4 transgenic mice. Eur Cytokine Netw. 1999 Dec;10(4):515-24. Institute of Toxicology, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany.

Lange RW, Germolec DR, Foley JF, Luster MI. Antioxidants attenuate anthralin-induced skin inflammation in BALB/c mice: role of specific proinflammatory cytokines. J Leukoc Biol. 1998 Aug;64(2):170-6. Environmental Immunology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.

Webb EF, Tzimas MN, Newsholme SJ, Griswold DE. Intralesional cytokines in chronic oxazolone-induced contact sensitivity suggest roles for tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-4. J Invest Dermatol. 1998 Jul;111(1):86-92. Department of Immunopharmacology, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406-0939, USA.

Mize NK, Buttery M, Daddona P, Morales C, Cormier M. Reverse iontophoresis: monitoring prostaglandin E2 associated with cutaneous inflammation in vivo. Exp Dermatol. 1997 Dec;6(6):298-302. Alza Corporation, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA.

Holliday MR, Corsini E, Smith S, Basketter DA, Dearman RJ, Kimber I. Differential induction of cutaneous TNF-alpha and IL-6 by topically applied chemicals. Am J Contact Dermat. 1997 Sep; 8(3):158-64. Zeneca Central Toxicology Laboratory, Macclesfield, Cheshire, UK.

Jung K, Imhof BA, Linse R, Wollina U, Neumann C. Adhesion molecules in atopic dermatitis: upregulation of alpha6 integrin expression in spontaneous lesional skin as well as in atopen, antigen and irritative induced patch test reactions. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1997 Aug; 113(4):495-504. Clinic of Dermatology Erfurt, Germany.

Corsini E, Terzoli A, Bruccoleri A, Marinovich M, Galli CL. Induction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in vivo by a skin irritant, tributyltin, through activation of transcription factors: its pharmacological modulation by anti-inflammatory drugs. J Invest Dermatol. 1997 Jun;108(6):892-6. Center for Cosmetic Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Italy.

Vassar R, Fuchs E. Transgenic mice provide new insights into the role of TGF-alpha during epidermal development and differentiation. Genes Dev. 1991 May;5(5):714-27. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637.

Matsui MS, DeLeo VA. Induction of protein kinase C activity by ultraviolet radiation. Carcinogenesis. 1990 Feb;11(2):229-34. Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032.

Luger TA. Epidermal cytokines. Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh). 1989;151:61-76; discussion 106-10. Department of Dermatology II, University of Vienna, Austria.

Han KH, Choi HR, Won CH, Chung JH, Cho KH, Eun HC, Kim KH. Alteration of the TGF-beta/SMAD pathway in intrinsically and UV-induced skin aging. Mech Ageing Dev. 2005 May;126(5):560-7. Epub 2004 Dec 23. Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.

Yano K, Kadoya K, Kajiya K, Hong YK, Detmar M. Ultraviolet B irradiation of human skin induces an angiogenic switch that is mediated by upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and by downregulation of thrombospondin-1. Br J Dermatol. 2005 Jan;152(1):115-21. Shiseido Life Science Research Center, 2-2-1 Hayabuchi, Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa-ken 224-8558, Japan. Kiichiro.

Quan T, He T, Kang S, Voorhees JJ, Fisher GJ. Solar ultraviolet irradiation reduces collagen in photoaged human skin by blocking transforming growth factor-beta type II receptor/Smad signaling. Am J Pathol. 2004 Sep;165(3):741-51. Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Ryan T. The ageing of the blood supply and the lymphatic drainage of the skin. Micron. 2004;35(3):161-71. Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK.

Barland CO, Zettersten E, Brown BS, Ye J, Elias PM, Ghadially R. Imiquimod-induced interleukin-1 alpha stimulation improves barrier homeostasis in aged murine epidermis. J Invest Dermatol. 2004 Feb; 122(2):330-6. Department of Dermatology, University of California at San Francisco, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California 94121, USA.

Yano K, Kajiya K, Ishiwata M, Hong YK, Miyakawa T, Detmar M. Ultraviolet B-induced skin angiogenesis is associated with a switch in the balance of vascular endothelial growth factor and thrombospondin-1 expression. J Invest Dermatol. 2004 Jan; 122(1):201-8. Shiseido Life Science Research Center, Yokohama, Japan. kiichiro.

Yin L, Morita A, Tsuji T. The crucial role of TGF-beta in the age-related alterations induced by ultraviolet A irradiation. J Invest Dermatol. 2003 Apr; 120(4):703-5.

Naderi-Hachtroudi L, Peters T, Brenneisen P, Meewes C, Hommel C, Razi-Wolf Z, Schneider LA, Schuller J, Wlaschek M, Scharffetter-Kochanek K. Induction of manganese superoxide dismutase in human dermal fibroblasts: a UV-B-mediated paracrine mechanism with the release of epidermal interleukin 1 alpha, interleukin 1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Arch Dermatol. 2002 Nov;138(11):1473-9. Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Germany.

Varani J, Perone P, Fligiel SE, Fisher GJ, Voorhees JJ. Inhibition of type I procollagen production in photodamage: correlation between presence of high molecular weight collagen fragments and reduced procollagen synthesis. J Invest Dermatol. 2002 Jul;119(1):122-9. Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine Road/Box 0602, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.A.

Suh DH, Youn JI, Eun HC. Effects of 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate [corrected] and sodium lauryl sulfate on the production and expression of cytokines and proto-oncogenes in photoaged and intrinsically aged human keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol. 2001 Nov; 117(5):1225-33. Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Chongno-gu, Seoul, Korea.

Tsukahara K, Takema Y, Moriwaki S, Tsuji N, Suzuki Y, Fujimura T, Imokawa G. Selective inhibition of skin fibroblast elastase elicits a concentration-dependent prevention of ultraviolet B-induced wrinkle formation. J Invest Dermatol. 2001 Sep; 117(3):671-7. Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Akabane, Ichikai, Haga, Tochigi, Japan.

Tsuji N, Moriwaki S, Suzuki Y, Takema Y, Imokawa G. The role of elastases secreted by fibroblasts in wrinkle formation: implication through selective inhibition of elastase activity. Photochem Photobiol. 2001 Aug;74(2):283-90. Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2606, Akabane, Ichikai, Haga, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan.

Wang XJ, Greenhalgh DA, Bickenbach JR, Jiang A, Bundman DS, Krieg T, Derynck R, Roop DR. Expression of a dominant-negative type II transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) receptor in the epidermis of transgenic mice blocks TGF-beta-mediated growth inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997 Mar 18; 94(6):2386-91. Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Compton CC, Tong Y, Trookman N, Zhao H, Roy D, Press W. Transforming growth factor alpha gene expression in cultured human keratinocytes is unaffected by cellular aging. Arch Dermatol. 1995 Jun; 1 31(6):683-90. Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.

Garmyn M, Degreef H, Gilchrest BA. The effect of acute and chronic photodamage on gene expression in human keratinocytes. Dermatology. 1995; 190(4):305-8. Department of Dermatology, UZ Sint Rafael, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium.

Kochevar IE, Moran M, Granstein RD. Experimental photoaging in C3H/HeN, C3H/HeJ, and Balb/c mice: comparison of changes in extracellular matrix components and mast cell numbers. J Invest Dermatol. 1994 Dec; 103(6):797-800. Wellman Laboratories of Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA 02114.

Ward A, Bates P, Fisher R, Richardson L, Graham CF. Disproportionate growth in mice with Igf-2 transgenes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Oct 25; 91(22):10365-9. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK.